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Acute respiratory infection due to 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is now known as novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (NCIP). In the hospitalized NCIP patients, the time from disease onset to shortness of breath was median 8 days and to development of ARDS was median 10.5 days. Most of the patients received oxygen therapy. HFNC has many physiological advantages compared with other standard oxygen therapies, such as anatomical dead space washout, more constant fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), and supplement of adequate humidification, and is one of the oxygen therapies for critically ill patients. In this care setting, the use of HFNC with its indications and benefits, precautions for aerosols, and the combined use with the prone position are the subject of active scientific interest especially for older patients. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.
ABSTRACT
In 2020, in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic, the Chair of Observation and Teaching Practices in Physical Education 2, belonging to the Physical Education Faculty at the National University of La Plata, organized interviews with secondary school teachers, with the aim of generating exchanges and reflections around the events of their daily work. It was the students, guided by their interests, who were in charge of preparing the list of questions to ask. This article will analyze and reflect on what happened in those exchanges, focusing on some of the assumptions, tensions, realities and logics that come together in the field of education in general, and Physical Education in particular.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had enormous consequences in Brazil and worldwide. Patients with cancer affected by COVID-19 are at a higher risk of developing complications and worse outcomes compared to a non-cancer population, particularly the ones on active systemic treatment. Considering the COVID-19 high transmissibility in asymptomatic and presymptomatic patients, we sought to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 infection in patients with solid cancers receiving systemic therapy in a Brazilian public health hospital. Furthermore, we interrogated if socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with prevalence. Methods: Consecutive asymptomatic patients undergoing treatment for solid tumors at the chemotherapy and infusion center of Hospital de Base were enrolled. Patients were prospectively tested for SARS-CoV2 RNA real-time polymerase chain reaction with nasal and oropharyngeal swabs immediately prior to treatment. A socioeconomic survey was performed prior to testing. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics were summarized in means, medians, and proportions. Results: From October 6 to 13, 2020, 148 asymptomatic patients were identified. Of those, 41 were excluded (16 had hematological malignancies, 15 declined testing, 10 were not on active systemic treatment) leaving 107 eligible patients. The mean age of the population was 58 years-old (SD± 12.6);55% were female and 90% were self-identified as White. The most common cancer sites were gastrointestinal tract (37%) and breast (25%). Most patients had metastatic disease (62.9%) and were on a anticancer treatment involving chemotherapy (62.9%). Regarding to SES, 70% of our population had either primary school or were illiterate as their highest educational level. In terms of monthly income, 88% had a personal income inferior to U$390 and 92% a household income inferior to U$585. Of 107 patients tested, only one (0.9%) was positive for COVID-19. This is a 48 years-old man living in an urban area, with primary school educational level and a monthly personal income inferior to U$390. Conclusion: Despite a high prevalence of COVID19 in Brazil, our cohort demonstrated a low prevalence of COVID19 (0.9%) amongst asymptomatic patients with cancer. We hypothesize that patients with cancer, independently of their SES, are aware of the increased risk of developing severe disease and are adherent to physical distancing, masking, and hygiene measures. LF and BB are co-senior authors.
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Coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2), is a pandemic disease declared by the World Health Organization (WHO). This disease reports a high risk of contagion, especially by the transmission of aerosols in health care workers. In this scenario, aerosol exposure is increased in various procedures related to the airway, lungs, and pleural space. For this reason, it is important to have recommendations that reduce the risk of exposure and infection with COVID-19. In this document, a team of international specialists in interventional pulmonology elaborated a series of recommendations, based on the available evidence to define the risk stratification, diagnostic methods and technical considerations on procedures such as bronchoscopy, tracheostomy, and pleural procedures among others. As well as the precautions to reduce the risk of contagion when carrying out pulmonary interventions.
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INTRODUCTION: Several articles have been published on impact COVID-19 infection about reduction of surgical activity. We have focused on the differences between our surgical activity in an Emergency General Surgery department in "Cardarelli" Hospital in Naples. METHODS: This retrospective study compared the patients treated from March 9, 2020 to April 27, 2020 (Italian lockdown time) and the patients treated in the same period of 2019. We recruited 75 patients in Group A (2020) and 165 patients in Group B (2019). RESULTS: There was a reduction in hospitalizations for non-trauma disease (69 in group A and 122 in group B with p: 0.001), a reduction in transfers from other hospitals (2 patients in group A and 17 in group B with p. 0.04) and a reduction in hospitalizations for trauma disease (6 in group A and 43 in group B with p: 0.001). The severity of the disease in 2020 was greater than in the same period in 2019 and there was a higher rate of high-grade complications CONCLUSION: From data analysis, we conclude that there has been a reduction in hospitalizations and surgical interventions in our emergency surgery department. The patients, however, had a much more severe disease that resulted in a greater number of complications in the peri and post-operative time. KEY WORDS: COVID-19, Lockdown, Emergency Surgery, Severity of disease.